A pilot study of the use of fesoterodine in the management of men with refractory overactive bladder symptoms after surgery for bladder outlet obstruction

ObjectiveTo assess the efficacy of long-acting fesoterodine on persistent lower urinary tract symptoms in men who have had previous surgical treatment for bladder outlet obstruction (BOO).Materials and methodsSeventeen patients with overactive bladder (OAB) secondary to BOO, persisting for 3 months after the obstruction was surgically relieved, were treated with fesoterodine. Follow up was performed at 2 months, 3 months, and 7 months. The primary endpoint was change in the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS). The secondary endpoints were change in the maximum flow rate (Qmax) and postvoid residual (PVR).ResultsPatients receiving fesoterodine demonstrated trends for improvement in mean nocturia episodes (3.2–2.6, p = 0.065), IPSS irritative subscore (6.2–2.0, p = 0.066), and quality of life score (4.2–3.5, p = 0.067) over 7 months of follow up. There was also a reduction in the mean IPSS score which was not significant over time (18.8–15.1, p = 0.183). There was no significant change observed in Qmax or PVR. Six patients (33%) had significant side effects and did not complete the study.ConclusionPatients with persistent OAB symptoms after surgical treatment of BOO displayed possible reductions in the IPSS, IPSS irritative subscore, and mean number of nocturia events after 7 months of follow up, as well as trends for an increased quality of life when treated with fesoterodine. Larger trials are needed to help characterize the utility of fesoterodine in the treatment of persistent lower urinary tract symptoms after surgical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.     

Idiopathic myointimal hyperplasia of mesenteric veins: Rare case of ischemic colitis mimicking inflammatory bowel disease

Idiopathic myointimal hyperplasia of mesenteric veins (IMHMV) is a rare and poorly understood ischemic colitis that occurs in the rectosigmoid colon of predominantly young, previously healthy, male patients. A 76‐year‐old Japanese man presented to our hospital with a 1‐year history of worsening diarrhea, lower abdominal pain, and weight loss (−6 kg). Laboratory evaluation revealed white blood cell count of 13 200/μL, C‐reactive protein level of 2.0 mg/dL (normal range, 0.0–0.3), and negative results for stool culture (including Clostridium difficile). Colonoscopy showed circumferential and edematous narrowing of the sigmoid colon with deep longitude ulceration. Biopsy was done and examination of the specimen demonstrated no specific ischemia. The patient was treated with bowel rest, antibiotics, and i.v. fluids; however, his symptoms worsened. Finally, sigmoidectomy was carried out. Histological examination demonstrated significant myointimal hyperplasia of mesenteric veins leading to thickening and stenosis of the venous lumen. Therefore, the final diagnosis was IMHMV. Three months following sigmoidectomy, he was asymptomatic.     

经尿道前列腺切除术后尿路感染的危险因素及病原菌分布

 目的 探讨经尿道前列腺电切术（TURP）后尿路感染的危险因素及病原菌构成特征。方法 回顾性收集某院泌尿外科良性前列腺增生行TURP患者的临床资料，采用单因素和多因素logistic回归分析TURP术后尿路感染的危险因素，并分析患者尿标本中病原菌构成情况。结果 155例接受TURP患者中，24例患者（15.5%）发生术后尿路感染。单因素分析结果显示，尿路感染组与非感染组患者年龄、前列腺大小、术前留置导尿管，曾行泌尿道医疗操作、糖尿病史、电切镜鞘尺寸、手术时间和灌洗液温度各项比较，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）；多因素logistic回归分析结果显示，患者的年龄>65岁（OR=4.18，95% CI：1.19~14.75，P=0.026）、前列腺>55 g（OR=3.92，95% CI：1.11~13.83，P=0.034）、术前留置导尿管（OR=0.28，95% CI：0.11~0.70，P=0.006）、曾行泌尿道医疗操作（OR=4.70，95% CI：1.85~11.94，P=0.001）、有糖尿病史（OR=2.54，95% CI：1.00~6.48，P=0.050）、电切镜鞘尺寸26F（OR=9.05，95% CI：1.18~69.48，P=0.034）、手术时间>60 min（OR=10.48，95% CI：1.37~80.25，P=0.024）和灌洗液温度<37℃（OR=4.06，95% CI：1.57~10.50，P=0.004）是TURP术后尿路感染的独立危险因素。感染患者尿标本共检出病原菌23株，主要为革兰阴性菌（78.26%），其中大肠埃希菌占比达52.17%（12株）。结论 TURP术后尿路感染与手术时间、电切镜鞘尺寸、曾有泌尿道医疗操作、前列腺大小等相关，感染病原菌仍以大肠埃希菌为主，有效避免高危因素及合理预防性使用抗菌药物，可有助于预防TURP术后尿路感染的发生。     

When to do surgical resection for atypical breast lesions: Results of a prospective cohort of 518 lesions

AimThere is no consensual indication for surgical resection after diagnosis on per-cutaneous biopsy of borderline breast lesions (B3). We evaluate under-evaluation rate of per-cutaneous biopsy and predictive factors of under-evaluation. We analyze accuracy of reported decision-making tools.MethodsWe conduct a prospective multicentric study including, atypic-ductal hyperplasia (ADH), atypic-lobular hyperplasia (ALH), atypic-cylindro-cubic metaplasia (FEA), papilloma, radial scars (RS) and phyllod tumors. When several B3 lesions were associated, the more severe lesion was used to classify the lesion. We determined breast cancers (BC) rate and histologic type.Among 478 patients, 518 B3 lesions were studied: 15.1% (78) FEA, 48.6% (252) ADH, 16.8% (n = 87) ALH, 5.4% (n = 28) RS, 12% (n = 62) papilloma, 0.8% (n = 4) phyllod tumors and 0,8% (n = 4) with a suspicious low grade DCIS. More than 1 lesion was identified in 31.9% (165) of cases.A surgical resection was performed for 86.3% (447/518) lesions. Significant factors of surgical resection were: residual micro-calcification after biopsy (OR: 2.7) and type of B3 lesion.ResultsOverall BC rate was 15.3% (68/445) with 79.4% (54) in-situ carcinomas. According to B3 lesions, BC rates were 12.9% for FEA, 20% for ADH, 11.6% for ALH, 3.7% for RS, 8.8% for papilloma and 25% for suspicious in-situ carcinoma.A score has been calculated and patients were distributed in 3 groups. Patient's rates without BC were respectively: 100%, 80.4% and 80.6% (p = 0.029).ConclusionIn conclusion, it could be suggested to avoided complementary surgical resection in case of good radio-pathologic concordance and low probability of BC.     

毛囊角化病ATP2A2基因突变二例及家系调查

【摘要】 例1男，16岁，面部、颈部及双腋下见密集褐色毛囊角化性丘疹，部分融合成斑块，局部可见疣状增生；母亲与其有相似的病史及临床表现。例2男，21岁，头面部、颈部、躯干、双腋下及臀部见弥漫性毛囊角化性丘疹，部分融合成片，局部可见疣状增生；家族成员均无类似症状。例2颈部皮损组织病理：表皮角化过度伴灶状角化不全，棘层部分区域棘刺松解并有腔隙形成，可见绒毛、圆体和谷粒细胞，真皮浅层炎症细胞浸润。2例患者及其父母基因检测：例1及母亲ATP2A2基因存在第15外显子c.2300A>G错义突变；例2第15外显子与第15内含子交界处存在c.2097+5G>A 剪切区域突变。2例患者其他家族成员未见上述突变。     

Nontarget Radiopaque Embolic Deposition during Prostatic Artery Embolization

This study evaluated detectable nontarget embolization (NTE) during prostatic artery embolization (PAE) and the safety and efficacy of using radiopaque particles in PAE. Ten patients aged >40 years with prostate glands of >50 mL and refractory lower urinary tract symptoms were analyzed. Unenhanced computed tomography scans at baseline and at 3 months after PAE, using 40–90-μm radiopaque spherical embolic beads, were compared to assess the NTE. Growth models evaluated changes from baseline to 3, 6, and 12 months in International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), peak urine flow rate (Qmax), quality of life (QoL), International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), and postvoid residual (PVR). The IPSS, QoL, and Qmax improved at all time points (P < .05), with no trend in PVR or IIEF. Adverse events that occurred were minor. Radiographic NTE was seen in all patients, correlating at times with postprocedural symptoms (eg, rectal pain). Symptoms were not correlated with the NTE in some patients, whereas other patients remained asymptomatic despite NTE.